CO2 speichern, aber richtig
Zwei Hereon-Studien fordern klare Rahmenbedingungen für die CO2-Bindung in Küstengebiete. Ein digitaler Zwilling für Projektionen, eine unabhängige Stelle für die Zertifizierung und neue rechtliche Strukturen zum Monitoring. Hiermit müsste Projekten zur CO2-Speicherung in Küstengebieten geholfen werden, fordern zwei aktuelle Studien unter Erstautorenschaft des Helmholtz-Zentrums Hereon. Die beiden Paper erschienen jüngst in Environmental Research Letters beziehungsweise in Elementa. Die Expertise der Hereon-Autorinnen und -Autoren richtet sich vor allem an Politik und Wirtschaft.
So genannte „Blue Carbon-Ökosysteme“ zur CO2-Speicherung an den Küsten und im Ozean können etwa Seegräser, Mangroven oder Salzwiesen sein. Ob sie die Klimaziele erreichen helfen und wie das gelingen kann, muss noch genauer erforscht werden. Projekte für die CO2-Speicherung stoßen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft immer häufiger an. Aber die Risiken müssten besser erforscht und reguliert werden, sagen die Autorinnen und Autoren. Eine internationale Gesetzgebung sei hierfür vonnöten. Nur so könnte sich eine Blue-Carbon Industrie etablieren.
- Klare Regeln für eine Branche mit Zukunft
- Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft stärker verzahnen
(Quelle: Hereon Pressemitteilung)
Lesen Sie die komplette Hereon Pressemitteilung:
==> CO2 speichern, aber richtig
Van Dam, B., Helfer, V., Kaiser, D., Sinemus, E., Staneva, J., & Zimmer, M. (2024): Towards a fair, reliable, and practical verification framework for Blue Carbon-based CDR. Environ. Res. Lett. 19, 081004, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad5fa3
Abstract:
While the (re-)establishment of Blue Carbon Ecosystems (BCE) is seen as an important tool to mitigate climate change, the credibility of such nature-based solutions has been marred by recent revelations ranging from weak accounting to malpractice. In light of this, there is a clear need to develop monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) systems towards the reliable, practical, and accurate accounting of additional and durable carbon dioxide removal (CDR). We propose the development of a Blue Carbon Ecosystem Digital Twin (BCE-DT) as a practical solution, integrating real-time data and models into What-If Scenarios of CDR aimed at the quantification of CDR additionality and durability. Critically, such a solution would be amenable to projects across a broad range in spatial scale and ecosytem type. In parallel, we propose the creation of an independent and not-for-profit Standards Development Organization (SDO) for the management of this Digital Twin and oversight of the certification process based on MRV. Considering the interwoven nature of the scientific and policy/legal needs we raise, an improved dialogue and collaboration between the scientific and policy communities is clearly needed. We argue that this BCE-DT, along with its oversight and implementation by a SDO, would fit this niche and support the fair and accurate implementation of MRV critically needed for BCE-based CDR to proceed.
Johnson, M., van Doorn, E., Hilmi, N., Marandino, C., McDonald, N., Thomas, H., Allemand, D., Algarin, L.D., Lebleu, L., Ho, D.T., Oloyede, M., Safa, A., & Swarzenski, P. (2024): Can coastal and marine carbon dioxide removal help to close the emissions gap? Scientific, legal, economic, and governance considerations. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 12 (1), 00071, doi:10.1525/elementa.2023.00071
Abstract:
In this Policy Bridge, we present the key issues regarding the safety, efficacy, funding, and governance of coastal and marine systems in support of climate change mitigation. Novel insights into the likely potential of these systems for use in mitigating excess carbon dioxide emissions are presented. There may be potential for coastal blue carbon and marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) actions to impact climate change mitigation significantly over the rest of the 21st century, particularly post 2050. However, governance frameworks are needed urgently to ensure that the potential contribution from coastal and ocean systems to climate change mitigation can be evaluated properly and implemented safely. Ongoing research and monitoring efforts are essential to ensure that unforeseen side effects are identified and corrective action is taken. The co-creation of governance frameworks between academia, the private sector, and policymakers will be fundamental to the safe implementation of mCDR in the future. Furthermore, a radical acceleration in the pace of development of mCDR governance is needed immediately if it is to contribute significantly to the removal of excess carbon dioxide emissions by the latter half of this century. To what extent large-scale climate interventions should be pursued is a decision for policymakers and wider society, but adaptive legal, economic, policy, research, and monitoring frameworks are needed urgently to facilitate informed decision-making around any implementation of mCDR in the coming decades. Coastal and ocean systems cannot be relied upon to deliver significant carbon dioxide removal until further knowledge of specific management options is acquired and evaluated.
